Advanced Care · Sleep Apnoea

Sleep Apnoea Treatment

A dentist cannot diagnose sleep apnoea — a sleep study does. What we can make is the oral device that treats mild to moderate cases.

Village Dental Kogarah offers custom oral appliance therapy for obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) — a comfortable, CPAP-free alternative that keeps your airway open while you sleep. Your Village Dental dentist works with your sleep physician to design a mandibular advancement device fitted precisely to your bite, helping you breathe easier, sleep deeper, and wake more rested. Schedule your sleep apnoea consultation or call (02) 9281 0007.

What is Sleep Apnoea

What is Sleep Apnoea

Sleep apnoea is a common sleep disorder that affects millions of people worldwide, yet it often goes undiagnosed. It is a condition that causes a person to experience breathing interruptions during sleep, resulting in sleep disturbances and daytime fatigue. There are various forms of sleep apnoea, including obstructive sleep apnoea, central sleep apnoea, and complex sleep apnoea syndrome. While anyone can develop sleep apnoea, it is more common in people who are overweight, over the age of 40, or have a family history of the condition. If left untreated, sleep apnoea can lead to more severe health complications. However, with early detection and appropriate treatment, people with sleep apnoea can enjoy a better quality of life.

Our Clinical Approach

Oral appliance therapy at Village Dental Kogarah requires a confirmed sleep apnoea diagnosis from a sleep physician — we do not diagnose sleep apnoea. Once diagnosed, your Village Dental dentist designs a custom mandibular advancement device (MAD) that gently repositions your lower jaw forward during sleep, keeping the airway open. We coordinate with your sleep doctor to verify treatment effectiveness through follow-up sleep testing.

Reviewed by Dr. Anju Prajapati Maharjan · Village Dental, Kogarah NSW

What are the different types of sleep apnoea?

Sleep apnoea is characterised by episodes of breathing cessation during sleep, which can cause a range of health problems, including heart disease, diabetes, and hypertension. There are four types of sleep apnoea, each with unique causes and symptoms:

Obstructive Sleep Apnoea (OSA)
Obstructive sleep apnoea is the most common type of sleep apnoea. It occurs when the muscles in the back of the throat fail to keep the airway open during sleep. As a result, the individual may snore loudly, gasp for breath, and wake up frequently throughout the night. OSA is more common in individuals who are overweight, have a family history of sleep apnoea, or have a narrow airway.

Central Sleep Apnoea (CSA)
Central sleep apnoea is a less common type of sleep apnoea that occurs when the brain fails to send signals to the muscles that control breathing. As a result, the individual may experience pauses in breathing or shallow breaths during sleep. CSA is more common in individuals with certain medical conditions, such as heart failure or stroke.

Complex Sleep Apnoea Syndrome (CompSA)
Complex sleep apnoea syndrome is a relatively new type of sleep apnoea that combines the characteristics of both OSA and CSA. It occurs when an individual with OSA is treated with continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) therapy, but their central apnoeas persist. This condition is also known as treatment-emergent central sleep apnoea.

Mixed Sleep Apnoea:
Mixed sleep apnoea is a combination of obstructive and central sleep apnoea. It occurs when the muscles in the back of the throat partially block the airway, but the brain also fails to send signals to the muscles that control breathing. This type of sleep apnoea can be difficult to diagnose, as the symptoms can be similar to those of OSA or CSA.

More Questions about Sleep Apnoea?
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Opened Upper Airway
Closed Upper Airway

What are common symptoms or signs of sleep apnoea?

Sleep apnoea is a common sleep disorder that affects millions of people. Here are some common symptoms of sleep apnoea:

  • Loud and persistent snoring
  • Pauses in breathing during sleep
  • Gasping or choking during sleep
  • Daytime sleepiness and fatigue
  • Morning headaches
  • Difficulty concentrating or remembering things
  • Irritability and mood changes
  • Decreased libido
  • Dry mouth or sore throat upon waking
  • Restless sleep or insomnia
  • Breathing through the mouth during sleep
  • Night sweats

If you experience any of these symptoms or signs, it’s important to schedule a consultation at our Kogarah dental office to determine if a oral appliance is necessary.

Sleep apnoea oral appliance mouthguard
CPAP device for sleep apnoea treatment

What are the types of oral devices that treat sleep apnoea and how can a dentist help?

Dentists can help with sleep apnoea by providing oral appliance therapy. Sleep apnoea is a sleep disorder in which a person’s breathing repeatedly stops and starts during sleep. One type of sleep apnoea, called obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA), occurs when the muscles in the back of the throat fail to keep the airway open, causing breathing to stop for brief periods.

Oral appliance therapy involves using a custom-fitted oral appliance, similar to a mouthguard or retainer, to help keep the airway open during sleep. The appliance is worn in the mouth and works by repositioning the jaw or tongue to prevent the airway from collapsing. This can improve airflow and reduce the number of apnoea events that occur during the night.

Oral appliances are a non-invasive treatment option for sleep apnoea that can be used in place of or in addition to continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) therapy. Here are some common types of oral appliances used to treat sleep apnoea:

  • Mandibular advancement devices (MADs) are the most commonly used oral appliance for sleep apnoea. MADs work by repositioning the lower jaw slightly forward to help keep the airway open. These appliances are custom-made by a dentist or orthodontist and may require adjustments over time to ensure optimal results.
  • Tongue retaining devices (TRDs) are another type of oral appliance used to treat sleep apnoea. These appliances work by holding the tongue in a forward position to prevent it from blocking the airway during sleep. TRDs may be less effective than MADs for some individuals, particularly those with larger tongues or smaller mouths.
  • Combination devices are oral appliances that combine the features of both MADs and TRDs. These appliances work by holding the lower jaw and tongue in a forward position to help keep the airway open. Combination devices may be more effective than MADs or TRDs alone for some individuals.
  • Palatal lift devices are a less common type of oral appliance used to treat sleep apnoea. These appliances work by lifting the soft palate and opening up the airway. Palatal lift devices may be suitable for individuals who are unable to tolerate other types of oral appliances.

Note that oral appliances may not be suitable for everyone with sleep apnoea. The appropriate type of appliance will depend on the individual’s specific needs and preferences, as well as the severity of their sleep apnoea. Contact our Village Dental Kogarah to schedule an appointment to explore your sleep apnoea options.

What are factors that affect sleep apnoea?

Sleep apnoea can lead to a range of health problems, including high blood pressure, heart disease, and stroke. There are many factors that can affect the severity of sleep apnoea and understanding these factors can help individuals take steps to reduce their risk of developing sleep apnoea and manage the condition effectively.

  • Lifestyle factors, such as obesity, alcohol consumption, and smoking, can increase the risk of developing sleep apnoea. Obesity is a significant risk factor, as excess body fat can cause the airway to narrow, leading to breathing difficulties during sleep. Alcohol consumption and smoking can also increase the risk of sleep apnoea, as they can relax the muscles in the throat and disrupt normal breathing patterns.
  • Genetics can also play a role in sleep apnoea. Studies have shown that sleep apnoea tends to run in families, and certain genetic factors may increase the risk of developing the condition. For example, a study published in the American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine found that mutations in a gene called PHOX2B may increase the risk of developing central sleep apnoea.
  • Medical conditions such as high blood pressure, heart disease, and diabetes can increase the risk of developing sleep apnoea. In some cases, sleep apnoea may also be a symptom of an underlying medical condition. For example, individuals with thyroid problems or neurological disorders may be more likely to develop sleep apnoea.
  • Age and Gender – Sleep apnoea is more common in older adults and men. As individuals age, the muscles in the throat may weaken, making it more difficult to keep the airway open during sleep. Men are also more likely to develop sleep apnoea than women, although the risk increases for women after menopause.
  • Sleep position can also affect the severity of sleep apnoea. Sleeping on the back can cause the tongue and soft tissues in the throat to block the airway, leading to breathing difficulties. In contrast, sleeping on the side can help keep the airway open and reduce the risk of sleep apnoea.

 

What are statistics related to sleep apnoea?

Sleep apnoea is a common disorder that affects millions of people worldwide:

  • Prevalence: Sleep apnoea is common and substantially under-diagnosed — a large share of the people who have it have never been tested for it.
  • Risk Factors: Sleep apnoea can affect people of all ages and genders, but certain factors can increase the risk of developing the condition. These include obesity, smoking, alcohol use, family history of sleep apnoea, and having a large neck circumference.
  • Economic Burden: Sleep apnoea can have a significant economic impact on individuals and society as a whole. Untreated sleep apnoea carries a significant economic cost through lost productivity, higher healthcare use and motor vehicle accidents.
  • Comorbidities: Sleep apnoea has been linked to several comorbidities, including hypertension, cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes, depression, and stroke.
  • Treatment: Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) therapy is a common treatment for sleep apnoea, but studies have shown that adherence to therapy can be challenging. Other treatments for sleep apnoea include lifestyle modifications, oral appliances, and surgery.
  • Sleep Apnoea in Children: Sleep apnoea is not just a condition that affects adults. It is estimated that around 2-4% of children in the US suffer from sleep apnoea, which can lead to behavioural and learning problems, as well as growth issues.
Key Benefits

Benefits of Dental Sleep Apnoea Treatment

Custom oral appliances offer an effective alternative to CPAP for many sleep apnoea patients:

CPAP Alternative

Oral appliances provide effective treatment for mild to moderate obstructive sleep apnoea without the noise, mask, and tubing of a CPAP machine.

Custom Fit for Comfort

Each oral appliance is custom-made from impressions of your teeth, ensuring a comfortable, secure fit that you can wear every night.

Portable and Quiet

Small enough to fit in your pocket, oral appliances are easy to travel with and produce no noise — unlike CPAP machines.

Improved Sleep Quality

By keeping the airway open, oral appliances reduce snoring, improve oxygen levels, and help you achieve deeper, more restorative sleep.

Reduced Health Risks

Untreated sleep apnoea increases risk of heart disease, stroke, and diabetes. Effective treatment with an oral appliance helps protect your overall health.

Struggling with sleep apnoea or CPAP intolerance? Contact Village Dental Kogarah to discuss whether a custom oral appliance could help you breathe better and sleep better.
Common Questions

Frequently Asked Questions About Sleep Apnoea Treatment

Sleep apnoea is a sleep disorder characterised by pauses in breathing or shallow breaths during sleep.

Common symptoms of sleep apnoea include loud snoring, pauses in breathing during sleep, daytime sleepiness, morning headaches, and dry mouth or sore throat upon waking.

MADs work by repositioning the lower jaw slightly forward to help keep the airway open.

TRDs are oral appliances that work by holding the tongue in a forward position to prevent it from blocking the airway during sleep.

Yes.  At our Kogarah dental office we offer sleep apnoea treatment to patients in Kogarah and the surrounding area.  Contact our office today to schedule an appointment.

Common Concerns

Common Concerns About Sleep Apnoea Treatment

"I can't tolerate my CPAP — is the oral appliance really an alternative?"

Yes. The American Academy of Sleep Medicine recommends oral appliance therapy as a first-line treatment for mild to moderate OSA and for patients with severe OSA who cannot tolerate CPAP. The custom-fitted device is small, portable, silent, and requires no electricity — making it dramatically easier to use consistently than CPAP.

"Will the oral appliance change my bite?"

Long-term use of a mandibular advancement device can cause minor bite changes in some patients. Your Village Dental dentist monitors your bite at every follow-up visit and can adjust the appliance to minimise this effect. Morning jaw exercises are also prescribed to help reset the bite after overnight wear.

"Does my health fund cover oral appliance therapy?"

Cover for an oral appliance varies between health funds and may sit under dental or medical extras, so check your own policy first. It is generally claimable when prescribed by a sleep physician with a confirmed diagnosis. We help with insurance pre-authorisation and provide all required documentation to maximise your coverage.

What to Know

Risks and Considerations

  • Oral appliance therapy requires a confirmed sleep apnoea diagnosis from a sleep physician — dentists do not diagnose sleep apnoea
  • TMJ discomfort or jaw soreness may occur during the adjustment period (first 1–2 weeks)
  • Long-term use can cause minor bite changes — monitored at regular follow-up visits
  • Oral appliances are most effective for mild to moderate OSA — severe cases may still require CPAP or surgical intervention
  • Untreated sleep apnoea is linked to hypertension, heart disease, stroke, diabetes, and motor vehicle accidents

Medical Disclaimer

This content is for informational purposes only and does not constitute dental or medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Sleep apnoea must be diagnosed by a qualified sleep physician through a sleep study. Oral appliance therapy is one treatment option and may not be appropriate for all patients. Untreated sleep apnoea carries serious health risks. Consult your Village Dental dentist and your sleep physician regarding treatment options. Individual results may vary.

Before your visit, and after it

Most of what decides how a treatment goes happens outside the chair — what you bring with you, and what you do in the days afterwards. This is what we tell patients at Kogarah.

Preparation

How to prepare

  • A diagnosis from a sleep study is needed first. We work alongside your GP and sleep physician, not instead of them.
  • Bring your sleep study report and your CPAP details if you have tried one.
  • Jaw joints and remaining teeth are assessed first — an oral device needs healthy teeth to grip.
  • Ask about health fund cover; oral appliances are often claimable where CPAP is not.
Follow-up

Afterwards, and ongoing care

  • Expect two to four weeks of adaptation: jaw tenderness in the morning and extra saliva.
  • Morning bite exercises are given to reset the jaw after each night.
  • The device is titrated in small steps over several appointments — it is not set-and-forget.
  • A follow-up sleep study confirms whether it is actually working; symptom improvement alone is not proof.
  • Yearly review of fit, and of the bite, which can change with long-term wear.

Not sure whether something you are noticing is normal? Call (02) 9281 0007 and ask. You do not need an appointment to get an answer, and we would far rather hear from you early.

The materials and the technology we use

Both Village Dental practices are fully computerised, so planning happens on the screen beside you rather than being described to you. These are the specific materials and equipment involved in this treatment.

Materials

What goes in your mouth

  • Dual-laminate and acrylic mandibular advancement devices
  • Titration hardware
  • Custom-cast working models
Technology

What we plan it with

  • Intraoral scanning for the device
  • Digital OPG to assess the jaw joints and airway anatomy
  • Digital X-rays
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